Directorio

Lena Ruiz Azuara
Correo: lenar701@gmail.com
- Química Bioinorgánica
- Innovación y desarrollo de la enseñanza de la Química
- Química de Coordinación (elementos del bloque D)
- Química organometálica
- Química Inorgánica Medicinal
- Química Inorgánica Medicinal.
Se sintetizan y caracterizan ligantes polidentados, donadores de N, O, S y sus compuestos metálicos y como compuestos quelatos mixtos, heterolépticos.
Desarrollo de fármacos de base metálica, desde el diseño, estudios químicos, pruebas biológicas principalmente antineoplásicos y antiparasitarios, así como estudios preclínicos y fases clínicas.
UNAM
- Ciencias Químicas
- Ciencias del Mar y Limnología
- Ciencias médicas Veterinarias
- Ciencias Biológicas
CINVESTAV
- Farmacología
- Bioquímica
- SIN Nivel III del Área 2
- Premio CANIFARMA 2007 en el área de Medicamentos de uso Humano, Investigación Básica
- Reconocimiento Ciudad Capital “Heberto Castillo Martínez” con la creación del Premio “Lena Ruiz Azuara”, en el área de Ciencias Básicas, 2007
- Premio Universidad Nacional, (UNAM), en Docencia, área Ciencias Naturales y de la Salud. 2005
- Reconocimiento Sor Juana Ramírez de Asbaje, 2003, otorgado por la UNAM
- Catedrático Universitario Nivel 2, 1998, otorgada por la UNAM
- Premio Nacional de Química, Andrés Manuel del Río, Área Académica de Investigación, 1998, otorgado por la Sociedad Química de México
- Reconocimiento a la labor científica por La Alianza de Mujeres, Premio Maria Lavalle. 1997
- Premio AIDA WEISS 1996, Segundo lugar en la categoría de Proyectos en Proceso, otorgado por el Programa de investigación en Cáncer del Programa Universitario de Salud (PUIS) de la UNAM
- Premio ZAZIL 1995 en la Categoría Científico-Cultural, otorgado por la compañía AVON
- Premio CANIFARMA de apoyo a la investigación y el Desarrollo 1994 en el área de Medicamentos de uso Humano
- Mención Honorífica otorgado por el PUIC. Premio Aida Weiss, agosto 1987
Talavera-Contreras, L. G., Hernández‐Ayala, L. F., Gómez-Vidales, V., Villar-Cuevas, M. L., & Ruiz‐Azuara, L.* (2024). Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Docking of Casiopeinas® with Dipeptides as Secondary Ligand; Potential Inhibitors of SARS-Cov-2 Transcendental Proteins. Journal Of The Mexican Chemical Society, 68(1), 29-55.
DOI:10.29356/jmcs.v68i1.1849
Aguilar-Jiménez, Z., Espinoza-Guillén, A., Reséndiz-Acevedo, K., Fuentes-Noriega, I., Mejía, C., & Ruiz‐Azuara, L.* (2023). The importance of being casiopeina as polypharmacologycal profile (Mixed Chelate–Copper (II) complexes and their in vitro and in vivo activities). Inorganics (Basel), 11(10), 394.
DOI:10.3390/inorganics11100394
Novoa‐Ramírez, C. S., Silva-Becerril, A., González-Ballesteros, M., Gomez-Vidal, V., Flores-Álamo, M., Ortiz-Frade, L., Gracia-Mora, J., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2023). Biological activity of mixed chelate copper(II) complexes, with substituted diimine and tridentate Schiff bases (NNO) and their hydrogenated derivatives as secondary ligands: Casiopeína’s fourth generation. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 242, 112097.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112097
Aguilar-Jiménez, Z., González-Ballesteros, M., Davila-Manzanilla, S. G., Espinoza-Guillén, A., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2022). Development and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of an Antineoplastic Copper(II) Compound (Casiopeina III-ia) Loaded in Nonionic Vesicles Using Quality by Design. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(21), 12756.
DOI:10.3390/ijms232112756
Godínez-Loyola, Y., Gracia-Mora, J., Rojas-Montoya, I. D., Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Reina, M., Ortiz-Frade, L. A., Rascón-Valenzuela, L. A., Robles-Zepeda, R. E., Gómez-Vidales, V., Bernad-Bernad, M. J.* & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2022). Casiopeinas® third generation, with indomethacin: synthesis, characterization, DFT studies, antiproliferative activity, and nanoencapsulation. RSC Advances, 12(33), 21662-21673.
DOI:10.1039/d2ra03346a
Figueroa-DePaz, Y., Pérez-Villanueva, J., Soria-Arteche, O., Martínez-Otero, D., Gómez-Vidales, V., Ortiz-Frade, L. & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2022). Casiopeinas of Third Generations: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxic Activity and Structure–Activity Relationships of Mixed Chelate Compounds with Bioactive Secondary Ligands. Molecules, 27(11), 3504.
DOI:10.3390/molecules27113504
Jiménez-González, M. L., Rebolledo-Chávez, J. P. F., Cruz-Ramírez, M., Antaño, R., Mendoza, A., Hosmane, N. S., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Hernández-López, J. L.* & Ortiz-Frade, L. (2022). Self-Assembled Monolayer of Monomercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate on a Polycrystalline Gold Surface. Molecules, 27(8), 2496.
DOI:10.3390/molecules27082496
Reina, M., Talavera-Contreras, L. G., Figueroa-DePaz, Y., Ruiz-Azuara, L. & Hernández-Ayala, L. F.* (2022). Casiopeinas® as SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors: a combined DFT, molecular docking and ONIOM approach. New Journal of Chemistry, 46(26), 12500-12511.
DOI:10.1039/d2nj01480g
Figueroa-DePaz, Y., Resendiz-Acevedo, K., Dávila-Manzanilla, S. G., García-Ramos, J. C., Ortiz-Frade, L., Serment-Guerrero, J., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2022). DNA, a target of mixed chelate copper(II) compounds (Casiopeinas®) studied by electrophoresis, UV–vis and circular dichroism techniques. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 231, 111772.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111772
González‐Ballesteros, M. M., Mejía, C., & Ruiz‐Azuara, L.* (2022). Metallodrugs, an approach against invasion and metastasis in cancer treatment. FEBS Open Bio.
DOI:10.1002/2211-5463.13381
Jaime-Martinez, L. A., Martinez-Pacheco, M. L., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Mejia, C. (2022). BAX But Not BCL2 Is Necessary for Apoptosis in Neuroblastoma Cells Treated With Casiopeína® IIIia. Anticancer Research, 42(2), 885–892.
DOI:10.21873/anticanres.15546
Medina-Franco, J. L.*, López-López, E., Andrade, E., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Frei, A., Guan, D., Zuegg, J., & Blaskovich, M. A. (2022). Bridging informatics and medicinal inorganic chemistry: toward a database of metallodrugs and metallodrug candidates. Drug Discovery Today.
DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2022.02.021
Resendiz-Acevedo, K., García-Aguilera, M. E., Esturau-Escofet, N., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2021). 1H -NMR Metabolomics Study of the Effect of Cisplatin and Casiopeina IIgly on MDA-MB-231 Breast Tumor Cells. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 8.
DOI:10.3389/fmolb.2021.742859
Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Novoa-Ramírez, C. S., Reina, M., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2021). Mixed RuII complexes containing diseleno-ligand and α,β-diketones donors with anticancer activity. Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and DFT studies. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry.
DOI:10.1002/ejic.202100756
Ramírez-Palma, L. G., Espinoza-Guillén, A., Nieto-Camacho, F., López-Guerra, A. E., Gómez-Vidales, V., Cortés-Guzmán, F.*, & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2021). Intermediate Detection in the Casiopeina–Cysteine Interaction Ending in the Disulfide Bond Formation and Copper Reduction. Molecules, 26(19), 5729.
DOI:10.3390/molecules26195729
Castillo-Rodríguez, R. A., Palencia, G., Anaya-Rubio, I., Gallardo-Pérez, J. C., Jiménez-Farfán, D., Escamilla-Ramírez, Á., Zavala-Vega, S., Cruz-Salgado, A., Cervantes-Rebolledo, C., Gracia-Mora, I., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Trejo-Solis, C.* (2021). Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effect of the copper coordination compound Cas III-La through the induction of reactive oxygen species and regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma. Journal of Cancer, 12(19), 5693-5711.
DOI:10.7150/jca.59769
Vara-Gama, N., Carrasco, K. R., Espinoza-Guillén, A., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Fuentes-Noriega, I.* (2021). Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Casiopeina III-Ea, a New Compound with Antineoplastic Activity. Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society, 65(3), 308-317.
DOI:10.29356/jmcs.v65i3.1471
Reina, M., Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Bravo-Gómez, M. E., Gómez, V., & Ruiz-Azuara, L.* (2021). Second generation of Casiopeinas®: A joint experimental and theoretical study. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 517, 120201.
DOI:10.1016/j.ica.2020.120201
Galindo-Murillo, R.*, Winkler, L., García-Ramos, J. C., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Cortés-Guzmán, F., & Cheatham, T. E.* (2020). Ancillary Ligand in Ternary CuII Complexes Guides Binding Selectivity toward Minor-Groove DNA. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 124(51), 11648-11658.
DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09296
Novoa-Ramírez, C. S., Silva-Becerril, A., Olivera-Venturo, F. L., García-Ramos, J. C., Flores-Alamo, M., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2020). N/N Bridge Type and Substituent Effects on Chemical and Crystallographic Properties of Schiff-Base (Salen/Salphen) Niii Complexes. Crystals, 10(7), 616.
DOI:10.3390/cryst10070616
Valdéz-Camacho, J. R., Ramírez-Solís, A., Escalante, J., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Hô, M. (2020). Theoretical determination of half-wave potentials for phenanthroline-, bipyridine-, acetylacetonate-, and glycinate-containing copper (II) complexes. Journal of Molecular Modeling, 26(7).
DOI:10.1007/s00894-020-04453-x
Valdez-Camacho, J. R., Pérez-Salgado, Y., Espinoza-Guillén, A., Gómez-Vidales, V., Alberto Tavira-Montalvan, C., Meneses-Acosta, A., Leyva, M. A., Vázquez-Ríos, M. G., Juaristi, E., Höpfl, H., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Escalante, J. (2020). Synthesis, structural characterization and antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 and A549 tumor cell lines of [Cu(N-N)(β3-aminoacidate)]NO3 complexes (Casiopeínas®). Inorganica Chimica Acta, 506.
DOI:10.1016/j.ica.2020.119542
Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Toledano-Magaña, Y., Ortiz-Frade, L., Flores-Alamo, M., Galindo-Murillo, R., Reina, M., García-Ramos, J. C., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2020). Heteroleptic NiII complexes: Synthesis, structural characterization, computational studies and amoebicidal activity evaluation. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 206.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111043
Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Reina, M., Flores-Alamo, M., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2020). Pyridyl based mono and di-selenoethers: Synthesis, characterization and DFT study. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1205.
DOI:10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127449
Cedillo-Gutiérrez, E. L., Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Torres-Gutiérrez, C., Reina, M., Flores-Alamo, M., Carrero, J. C., Ugalde-Saldívar, V. M., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2020). Identification of descriptors for structure-activity relationship in ruthenium (II) mixed compounds with antiparasitic activity. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 189.
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112084
Cruz-Ramírez, M., Ramírez-Delgado, V., Rebolledo-Chávez, J. P. F., Mendoza, A., Reyes-Vidal, Y., Rangel, F. J. T., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Ortiz-Frade, L. (2019). Revisiting the role of π acceptor character of polypyridinc ligands in the redox behavior of tris and bis fe(II) complexes and in the electron transfer with glucose oxidase. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 495.
DOI:10.1016/j.ica.2019.119015
Rufino-González, Y., Ponce-Macotela, M., García-Ramos, J. C., Martínez-Gordillo, M. N., Galindo-Murillo, R., González-Maciel, A., Reynoso-Robles, R., Tovar-Tovar, A., Flores-Alamo, M., Toledano-Magaña, Y., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2019). Antigiardiasic activity of cu(II) coordination compounds: Redox imbalance and membrane damage after a short exposure time. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 195, 83-90.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.03.012
Alvarado-Monzón, J. C., López, J. A., de Riquer, G. A. A., Cristobal, C., Flores-Alamo, M., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2019). Iridium(I) homobinuclear complexes containing salen-type ligands as bridge. Polyhedron, 161, 243-250.
DOI:10.1016/j.poly.2019.01.022
de Anda-Jáuregui, G., Espinal-Enríquez, J., Hur, J., Alcalá-Corona, S. A., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Hernández-Lemus, E. (2019). Identification of casiopeina II-gly secondary targets through a systems pharmacology approach. Computational Biology and Chemistry, 78, 127-132.
DOI:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.11.021
Vázquez-Aguirre, A., Gutiérrez, A. G., Esparza, R. M., Hernández-Lemus, E., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Mejía, C. (2019). Autophagy promotes survival of CHP-212 neuroblastoma cells treated with casiopeínas®. Anticancer Research, 39(7), 3687-3695.
DOI:10.21873/anticanres.13517
Miranda-Calderón, J. E., Macías-Rosales, L., Gracia-Mora, I., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Faustino-Vega, A., Gracia-Mora, J., & Bernad-Bernad, M. J. (2018). Effect of casiopein III-ia loaded into chitosan nanoparticles on tumor growth inhibition. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 48, 1-8.
DOI:10.1016/j.jddst.2018.07.004
Silva-Platas, C., Villegas, C. A., Oropeza-Almazán, Y., Carrancá, M., Torres-Quintanilla, A., Lozano, O., Valero-Elizondo, J., Castillo, E. C., Bernal-Ramírez, J., Fernández-Sada, E., Vega, L. F., Treviño-Saldaña, N., Chapoy-Villanueva, H., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Hernández-Brenes, C., Elizondo-Montemayor, L., Guerrero-Beltrán, C. E., Carvajal, K., Bravo-Gómez, M. E., & García-Rivas, G. (2018). Ex vivo cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic casiopeinas is mediated through energetic dysfunction and triggered mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2018.
DOI:10.1155/2018/8949450
Hernández-Ayala, L. F., Flores-Álamo, M., Escalante-Tovar, S., Galindo-Murillo, R., García-Ramos, J. C., García-Valdés, J., Gómez-Vidales, V., Reséndiz-Acevedo, K., Toledano-Magaña, Y., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2018). Synthesis, characterization, theoretical studies and biological activity of coordination compounds with essential metals containing N4-donor ligand 2,9-di(ethylaminomethyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 470, 187-196.
DOI:10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.040
Manzanera-Estrada, M. E., Cruz-Ramírez, M., Flores-Alamo, M., Gracia y Jiménez, J. M., Galindo-Murillo, R., García-Ramos, J. C., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Ortiz-Frade, L. (2017). Effect of tunable redox behavior of bis chelate substituted 1,10-phenantroline cu(II) complexes on its reaction with superoxide anion in DMSO. toward a simple criterion to identify a SOD-like mechanism. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 175, 118-128.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.013
Correia, I., Borovic, S., Cavaco, I., Matos, C. P., Roy, S., Santos, H. M., Fernandes, L., Capelo, J. L., Ruiz-Azuara, L., & Pessoa, J. C. (2017). Evaluation of the binding of four anti-tumor casiopeínas® to human serum albumin. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 175, 284-297.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.025
Verduzco-Ramírez, A., Manzanilla-Dávila, S. G., Morales-Guillén, M. E., García-Ramos, J. C., Toledano-Magaña, Y., Marin-Becerra, A., Flores-Álamo, M., Ortiz-Frade, L. A., Olguín-Contreras, L. F., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Essential metal-based drugs: Correlation between redox potential and biological activity of M2+ with a N2O2 ligand. Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society, 61(2), 109-119.
DOI:10.29356/jmcs.v61i2.258
M. Vidal, L., Pimentel, E., Cruces, M. P., Hernández, S., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Cytotoxic and genotoxic actions of casiopeina III-ea (cas III-ea) in somatic and germ cells of drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health – Part A: Current Issues, 80(6), 365-373.
DOI:10.1080/15287394.2017.1326072
Toledano-Magaña, Y., García-Ramos, J. C., Torres-Gutiérrez, C., Vázquez-Gasser, C., Esquivel-Sánchez, J. M., Flores-Alamo, M., Ortiz-Frade, L., Galindo-Murillo, R., Nequiz, M., Gudiño-Zayas, M., Laclette, J. P., Carrero, J. C.,& Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Water-soluble ruthenium (II) chiral heteroleptic complexes with amoebicidal in vitro and in vivo activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 60(3), 899-912.
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00795
García-Ramos, J. C., Gutiérrez, A. G., Vázquez-Aguirre, A., Toledano-Magaña, Y., Alonso-Sáenz, A. L., Gómez-Vidales, V., Flores-Alamo, M., Mejía, C., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is induced by cu(II) antineoplastic compounds (casiopeínas®) in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells after short exposure times. BioMetals, 30(1), 43-58.
DOI:10.1007/s10534-016-9983-8
Davila-Manzanilla, S. G., Figueroa-de-Paz, Y., Mejia, C., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Synergistic effects between a copper-based metal casiopeína III-ia and cisplatin. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 129, 266-274.
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.045
Serment-Guerrero, J., Bravo-Gomez, M. E., Lara-Rivera, E., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Genotoxic assessment of the copper chelated compounds casiopeinas: Clues about their mechanisms of action. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 166, 68-75.
DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.11.007
García-Ramos, J. C., Vértiz-Serrano, G., Macías-Rosales, L., Galindo-Murillo, R., Toledano-Magaña, Y., Bernal, J. P., Cortés-Guzmán, F., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2017). Isomeric effect on the pharmacokinetic behavior of anticancer CuII mixed chelate complexes: Experimental and theoretical approach. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2017(12), 1728-1736.
DOI:10.1002/ejic.201601199
Chavez-Gonzalez, A., Centeno-Llanos, S., Moreno-Lorenzana, D., Sandoval-Esquivel, M. A., Aviles-Vazquez, S., Bravo-Gomez, M. E., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Ayala-Sanchez, M., Torres-Martinez, H., & Mayani, H. (2017). Casiopeina III-ea, a copper-containing small molecule, inhibits the in vitro growth of primitive hematopoietic cells from chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Research, 52, 8-19.
DOI:10.1016/j.leukres.2016.11.001
Jiménez, V. E., Pimentel, E., Cruces, M. P., Amaya-Chávez, A., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2016). Study on the relationship of genotoxic and oxidative potential of a new mixed chelate copper antitumoral drug, casiopeina II-gly (cas II-gly) in drosophila melanogaster. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 48, 286-293.
DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2016.11.008
Marín-Medina, A., García-Ramos, J. C., Ruíz-Azuara, L., & Carrillo-Nava, E. (2016). Investigation on the self-association of an inorganic coordination compound with biological activity (casiopeína III-ia) in aqueous solution. Chemistry Central Journal, 10(1).
DOI:10.1186/s13065-016-0213-9
Campero-Peredo, C., Bravo-Gómez, M. E., Hernández-Ojeda, S. L., Olguin-Reyes, S. D. R., Espinosa-Aguirre, J. J., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2016). Effect of [cu(4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(acetylacetonato)]NO3, casiopeína III-ea, on the activity of cytochrome P450. Toxicology in Vitro, 33, 16-22.
DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2016.02.008
Barbosa, A. R., Caleffi-Ferracioli, K. R., Leite, C. Q. F., García-Ramos, J. C., Toledano-Magaña, Y., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Siqueira, V. L. D., Pavan, F. R., & Cardoso, R. F. (2016). Potential of casiopeínas® copper complexes and antituberculosis drug combination against mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chemotherapy, 61(5), 249-255.
DOI:10.1159/000443496
Silva-Platas, C., Guerrero-Beltrán, C. E., Carrancá, M., Castillo, E. C., Bernal-Ramírez, J., Oropeza-Almazán, Y., González, L. N., Rojo, R., Martínez, L. E., Valiente-Banuet, J., Ruiz-Azuara, L., Bravo-Gómez, M. E., García, N., Carvajal, K., & García-Rivas, G. (2016). Antineoplastic copper coordinated complexes (casiopeinas) uncouple oxidative phosphorylation and induce mitochondrial permeability transition in cardiac mitochondria and cardiomyocytes. Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, 48(1), 43-54.
DOI:10.1007/s10863-015-9640-x
Espinal-Enríquez, J., Hernández-Lemus, E., Mejía, C., & Ruiz-Azuara, L. (2016). Network analysis shows novel molecular mechanisms of action for copper-based chemotherapy. Frontiers in Physiology, 6(JAN).
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2015.00406